Analytical Studies on Chronic Kidney Disease and Associated Lifestyle Risk Factors among the Patients of Different Hospital in Dhaka City, Bangladesh
Kaniz Fatema
Department of Food and Nutrition, National College of Home Economics, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Anwara Akhter Khatun
Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur, Bangladesh.
Swarnaly Aktar Brisrty
Department of Food and Nutrition, National College of Home Economics, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Md. Ashraful Islam
Department of Food Engineering, North Pacific International University of Bangladesh, Manikganj, Bangladesh.
Fahriha Nur A Kabir
Department of Food Engineering, North Pacific International University of Bangladesh, Manikganj, Bangladesh.
Sourav Biswas Nayan
Department of Food Engineering, North Pacific International University of Bangladesh, Manikganj, Bangladesh.
Adrita Afrin
Department of Food Engineering, North Pacific International University of Bangladesh, Manikganj, Bangladesh.
Tasnim Rahaman Sathi
Department of Applied Nutrition and Food Technology, Islamic University, Kushtia, Bangladesh.
Md. Abdul Halim
*
Department of Food Engineering, North Pacific International University of Bangladesh, Manikganj, Bangladesh.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
The chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a significant aspect of chronic non-communicable diseases, which have reached pandemic levels and are leading causes of morbidity and mortality globally. This systematic review evaluates the burden of chronic kidney disease in the general population of Dhaka city, focusing on lifestyle risk factors. Conducted over six months from November 2019 to June 2020, the study involved participants aged 20 to 70 from various backgrounds. Data was collected through face-to-face interviews conducted in Bengali; alongside anthropometric measurements taken by the researchers. Additionally, the latest blood pressure and glucose levels, as well as lipid profiles and biochemical test results, were obtained from hospital records. The connection between chronic kidney disease (CKD) and additional risk factors, including obesity, tobacco use, diabetes, and hypertension, is highly significant. The most common risk factors for CKD, specifically diabetes mellitus (DM) and hypertension (HTN), are notably elevated and are clearly contributing to the increasing prevalence of chronic kidney disease. Among the respondents, 85.2% people where hypertensive 12.1% people were in normal condition 18.38% people were under peritoneal dialysis and 11.2% people were under hemodialysis. Among the respondents, 78.2% of people had their creatinine, and albuminuria high level. It was evidenced that for those with established renal disease, proteinuria could be an important predictor of the risk of progression and mortality, these all indicate a close relationship with chronic kidney disease. Early identification of CKD risk factors, prompt referrals to kidney specialists, effective management of high blood pressure, diabetes, glomerulonephritis, and other associated risks, along with lifestyle modifications particularly reducing salt intake, increasing physical activity, and avoiding tobacco can help slow the advancement of kidney disease to more severe stages.
Keywords: Chronic kidney disease, risk factors, diabetes, glomerulonephritis, diseases