Effect of Crude Musa acuminata Sap on Doxorubicin Hydrochloride Induced Nephrotoxicity in Wistar Rat
Agu Uchenna Francis
Department of Human Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, Gregory University, Uturu, Abia State, Nigeria.
Ani, Celestine Okafor *
Department of Human Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, Rhema University Aba, Abia State, Nigeria.
Ejim Nnamdi Ferdinand
Department of Human Physiology, College of Medicine, Enugu State University of Science and Technology, Enugu, Nigeria.
Uzoigwe Jide Uzowulu
Department of Human Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Enugu State, Nigeria.
Uzoefuna Casmir Chima
Department of Human Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, State University of Medical and Applied Sciences, Igbo-eno, Enugu State, Nigeria.
Agbor Joseph Ikenna
Department of Human Physiology, College of Medicine, Enugu State University of Science and Technology, Enugu, Nigeria.
Ezinwa Anthony Chijioke
Pharmacology & Therapeutics, College of Medicine Enugu State University of Science and Technology, Enugu, Nigeria.
Nweke Luke Maduka
Department of Human Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Enugu State, Nigeria.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Background: Nephrotoxicity remains a major clinical challenge, particularly in patients undergoing chemotherapy with agents such as doxorubicin (DOX). Doxorubicin-induced renal damage is largely mediated through oxidative stress, inflammation, and tubular epithelial cell injury, leading to impaired renal function. Aim: This study evaluates the effect of crude Musa acuminata sap against DOX-induced nephrotoxicity in Wistar rat. Methods: Thirty (30) adult male Wistar rats of body weight 150-250g were assigned into six (6) groups (A - F) of 5 rats each. Group A rats served as normal control and received feed and distilled water ad libitum. Group B rats served as positive control induced with DOX only at single dose of 10mg/kg i.p per day and remained untreated and received feed and distilled water ad libitum. Group C, D, E and F were nephrotoxicity induced with DOX and treated with 50, 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg b.w of DOX for 7 days. Serum urea and creatinine and body weights were assayed. Results: The results show that DOX administration significantly (P<0.05) elevated serum urea and creatinine levels, confirming renal impairment. There was also a significant (P<0.05) increase in body weight among the untreated nephrotoxicity group. However, treatment with crude Musa acuminata sap significantly reduced serum urea and creatinine concentrations in groups C, D, E and F compared to the group B, The curative effect was more prominent in group F and C while groups B and D showed no statistically (P>0.05) significant difference and shows that the effect wasn’t dose dependent while improving the renal function parameters. The treated groups also demonstrated better weight stability most especially in groups F. Conclusion:The findings indicate that crude MAS possess nephroprotective properties, likely due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory phytochemicals property. The study supports the potential therapeutic role of plant-derived interventions in mitigating chemotherapy-induced renal toxicity. Further investigations involving histopathological and molecular analyses are recommended to elucidate the precise mechanisms of action.
Keywords: Doxorubicin, Musa acuminate sap, nephrotoxicity, urea, creatinine