The Assessment of Diet on Menstrual Irregularities in Women with Chronic Kidney Disease Stages 3-5: A Cross- sectional Study
Anam Ansari *
Sir Vithaldas Thackersey College of Home Science “(Autonomous)”, SNDT Women’s University, Maharashtra, India.
Anuradha Ramesh
Sir Vithaldas Thackersey College of Home Science “(Autonomous)”, SNDT Women’s University, Maharashtra, India.
Keshnath K. Chauhan
Mallika Super Specialty Hospital, Jogeshwari, West Mumbai Maharashtra, India.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Aim: The Aim of the research is to study Assessment of Diet on Menstrual Irregularities in Women with Chronic Kidney Disease stage 3- 5
Study Design: This study is a cross-sectional study aimed at assessing the relationship between dietary patterns and menstrual irregularities in women diagnosed with chronic kidney disease (CKD) stage 3 – 5. The designs enable the collection of data at a single point in time from a defined population, allowing the identification of association between dietary habits, nutritional status and menstrual cycle.
Study Setting: The research was conducted at a tertiary care hospital – Shanmukhananda Charitable Hospital, Mallika hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra. Over a specified study period.
Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 50 women aged 18-50 years with CKD stage 3-5 at a tertiary care hospital in Mumbai. Data were collected using a structured self-designed questionnaire, a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), and 24-hour dietary recall. Anthropometric and biochemical parameters were also analysed. Statistical tools included descriptive statistics, Chi-square test, and correlation analysis.
Results: 40% of participants reported irregular menstrual cycle, 34% had prolonged cycles, and 64% noticed changes in their cycles over the past year. Nutritionally, the mean energy intake was 1002 kcal/day, with inadequate protein and fiber intake. Biochemical findings revealed low haemoglobin (mean 9.42g/d L) and elevated creatinine and potassium levels. Significant association were observed between daily fenugreek consumption and menstrual regularity (p=0.024), while buckwheat consumption patterns revealed a possible self-modification trend among women with irregular cycles (p=0.017). The dietary profile indicated low intake of whole grains and legumes, with high consumption of processed food and refined carbohydrates
Conclusion: Inadequate nutritional intake is seen in women with CKD stages 3–5, which may be a factor in irregular menstruation. Reproductive health results in this population may be enhanced by the inclusion of particular foods and suitable nutritional interventions.
Keywords: Chronic kidney disease, menstrual irregularities, nutritional assessment, dietary intake, fenugreek, buckwheat